Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Variability and Correlation among SST, Chlorophyll-a Levels, ENSO, and Pelagic Fishing in Southern Part of Madura Strait, Indonesia, Based on Landsat 9 OLI/TIRS Imagery

Taffy Elian — 2024-09-27

Indonesia’s marine resources are abundant, with fishing being a primary focus. The effective management of these resources requires an understanding of the factors that influence them, such as sea surface temperature (SST), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as indicated by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and chlorophyll-a levels as food sources. This research aimed to elucidate the relationships among those factors at Madura Strait by utilizing their characteristics in response to the electromagnetic wavelengths that can be found Landsat 9 OLI/TIRS satellite images.
This research utilized the satellite’s Thermal Infrared Sensor (or Band 10) (10.6–11.19 µm) to obtain the SST levels as well as the OceanColor 2 (OC2) algorithm to process Band 2 (0.45–0.51 µm) and Band 3 (0.53–0.59 µm) in order to obtain the chlorophyll-a levels. The results were the mean values of the SST (21.42 and 20.60°C) and the chlorophyll-a levels (0.77 and 0.87 mg/m3) from the periods of June through August 2022 and December 2022 through February 2023, respectively. Furthermore, a correlation test and t-test were conducted, which indicated that the chlorophyll-a levels were contradictory with the SST, SOI, and total pelagic fish catches (which were in alignment). The t-test results only indicated significant correlations between the SST and chlorophyll-a levels (–0.806) and between the SST and SOI (0.732), while the other correlation was not significant.

Potential Use of Municipal Solid Waste Pile in Segawe Landfill (Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia) as Raw Material for Refuse Derived Fuel

Dalila Putri Haruko — 2024-09-27

The Segawe municipal solid waste (SW) landfill in Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia, has currently exceeded its capacity. This study aimed to determine the potential use of dumped SW at the landfill as raw material for the production of refuse derived fuel (RDF). Buried SW samples were collected at a passive zone of the landfill in six locations. The samples were sieved using 10 and 30 mm mesh sieves. A composition analysis was conducted following the ASTM D5231-92 method to sample fractions of greater than 30 mm size. The density was measured according to the weight and volume. The moisture and volatile matter contents were analyzed using the ASTM D2216-10 and D3175-07 methods, respectively. The calorific value was measured using a Parr C3000 bomb calorimeter following the ASTM D5865 method.
The buried SW composition was dominated by a fraction size that was greater than 30 mm (79.4%). This fraction was dominantly composed of plastics (71.2%) and had average volatile matter and calorific values which met RDF criteria as a fuel. However, the ash and moisture contents exceeded the standards and, therefore, required appropriate treatments before their applications.

Hydrochemical Assessment of Groundwater in Ludhiana and Amritsar Districts of Punjab and Identification of Fluoride Hotspots using GIS

Kaikho Khusulio — 2024-10-22

High fluoride concentrations in soil, water, or air can pose serious environmental and health risks to plants, and animals. Along with other hydrochemical parameters, this study investigates fluoride concentrations in the groundwater in the Ludhiana and Amritsar districts of Punjab, India. A total of 222 water samples were uniformly collected at approximately five-kilometer intervals for hydrochemical analyses. Statistical methods such as inverse distance weighting (IDW) and correlation matrices were used to assess the fluoride distribution and its relationships with other parameters. According to WHO guidelines, most fluoride concentrations were below 0.6 ppm in Ludhiana (84.30%) and Amritsar (77.23%). Fluoride levels that were within the permissible range (0.6–1.5 ppm) were found in 15.70% of Ludhiana’s samples and 21.78% of Amritsar’s samples; only 1% of Amritsar’s samples exceeded the permissible limit (>1.5 ppm). The water quality index (WQI) analysis indicated that
0.83% of the groundwater samples from the Ludhiana district and 4.95% from the Amritsar district were unfit for consumption. This study demonstrates the importance of standardized sample collection and the use of GIS technology for comprehensive hydrochemical assessments, raising awareness and reducing health risks.

Methodology for Study of Rockfalls in Urban Areas – Computer Modeling and Mitigation in Algodonales, Spain

Juan Manuel Pardo — 2024-10-22

Rockfalls in urban areas can cause significant damage. Without direct observation, it is difficult to reconstruct the specific details of an event. The study of rockfalls requires analyses of the source areas, slope parameters, blocks characteristics (size, shape, and mass), and the likely movements of independent blocks along their trajectories (free-falling, rolling, sliding, and rebounding). This article will propose a feasible methodology for the study of rockfalls based on identifiable parameters, conditioning factors (geology, geomorphology, geomechanical, hydrogeology, climate, and biology), and triggering factors (climate and dynamic loads). This article proposes the use of modeling programs to facilitate rockfall research and data management. The study of conditioning factors allows researchers to state several coefficients (restitution, surface roughness, rolling resistance, and friction) that one inputs into a modeling program, allowing researchers to obtain the representative results that are needed to design effective remedial measures. The methodology has been successfully applied to the urban area of Algodonales (Province of Cádiz, Spain).

Morphodynamic Cartography Visualization of Wulan River Estuary Systems from Space to Numerical Approach Based on Multi-Season Analysis

Nurul Khakhim — 2024-10-30

This research aims to investigate the morphodynamics of the Wulan River estuary in Demak Regency using the integration of multispectral remote sensing images and numerical modeling. In this study, PlanetScope for a manualvisual analysis of estuary morphodynamics and Sentinel-2 MSI Level 2A to obtain periodic total suspended solids (TSS) information for the east and west monsoon seasons. MIKE by DHI software used to develop hydrodynamic numerical modeling in order to characterize the current circulation and sediment transport model. Based on a marine cartography aspect, the obtained results illustrated that the climatological phenomenon of seasonal forcing plays a role in the development of the current circulation and indirectly influences the sediment transport. During the west season, the morphodynamics in the Wulan River estuary are much more massive and significant as compared to the east season. A projection of the deposition that results from the sediment transport is described in the bed-thickness change; this occurs in the western part of the Wulan River estuary during the east season, while the bed-thickness change occurs predominantly in the northern part during the west season (where there was previously a beach sandbar phenomenon). This was verified through multi-temporal satellite imagery that the deposition that occurs in the northern part of the Wulan River estuary during the west season is increasingly progressive and massive.

A Roadmap for the Design of a Public-participation Geographic-Information System to Support Urban Ageing

Rengin Aslanoğlu — 2024-10-22

Geospatial technologies have the potential to transform the lives of older adults by providing them with necessary tools to navigate their local communities, access services, connect with others, and access valuable information. However, the usability and accessibility of such technologies often fall short of the needs of older adults. Many existing geospatial tools are not designed with the needs and preferences of older adults in mind; this can lead to usability challenges and limit their usage. This paper explores a participatory approach in developing an inclusive geodata-collection tool that is specifically tailored to older users’ needs. The paper also highlights the importance of incorporating user-centered design principles, participatory design methods, and accessibility guidelines throughout the entire geodata-tool-development process. It also emphasizes the need for ongoing user engagement and feedback in order to ensure that the tool remains relevant and usable in the evolving digital landscape. This participatory approach has resulted in a tool that is easy to use and accessible for older adults; it is available in various languages, thus ensuring that the elderly can actively participate in the prototype’s creation and contribute to the collection of the geospatial information that reflects their lived experiences and needs.