Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, vol. 18, no. 2

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Date Log

Submitted
Jul 27, 2023
Accepted
Jan 22, 2024
Published
Feb 23, 2024
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Estimation of Natural Uranium and Its Risk-Assessment in Groundwater of Bangalore Urban District of Karnataka, India

https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2024.18.2.21
Poojashri Ravindra Naik
R V College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Bengaluru, India; Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, India
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6274-8004
Vinod Alurdoddi Rajashekara
R V College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Bengaluru, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-8813
Rajalakshmi Mudbidre
R V College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Bengaluru, India
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9503-4216

Corresponding Author(s) : Poojashri Ravindra Naik

poojanaik22@gmail.com

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Abstract

In this study, 56 groundwater samples were taken from diverse sources in Bangalore Urban district during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to measure the uranium concentration and its correlation with different waterquality parameters. The uranium concentration varied from 0.94–98.79 µg/L during the pre-monsoon season and from 1.38–96.52 µg/L during the postmonsoon season. Except for a few readings, all were within the safe limit of 60 µg/L as prescribed by India’s Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). Owing to its slightly higher concentration, a study on the radiological and chemical risks that are caused due to the ingestion of uranium was assessed. Based on the radiological aspect, cancer mortality and its risks were assessed, wherein all of the samples were well within the acceptable limit of 10−4; therefore, consuming these water samples was radiologically safe. However, when the risk that was caused by chemical toxicity was assessed, a few samples exceeded the hazard quotient (HQ) value of more than 1, thus illustrating that individuals were vulnerable to chemical risk. This paper features assessments of uranium and its risks to public health in groundwater samples if it exceeded the safe limit. Additionally, it recognizes the value of periodically assessing and treating the area’s drinking water sources.

Keywords

groundwater Bangalore Urban district uranium correlation risk-assessment
Naik, P. R., Alurdoddi Rajashekara , V. ., & Mudbidre, R. . (2024). Estimation of Natural Uranium and Its Risk-Assessment in Groundwater of Bangalore Urban District of Karnataka, India. Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, 18(2), 21–49. https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2024.18.2.21
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. Yasovardhan N., Basha A.M., Satyanarayana S.V., Reddy G.V.S., Vishwa K.P., Padma S.P.: Seasonal assessment of natural uranium in drinking water around Tummalapalle Uranium Mining Site, Kadapa District. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research India, vol. 4(9), 2013, pp. 1406–1409.
  2. Kansal S., Mehra R., Singh N.P.: Uranium concentration in ground water samples belonging to some areas of Western Haryana, India using fission track registration technique. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, vol. 3(8), 2011, pp. 352–357.
  3. Suksi J., Tullborg E.-L., Pidchenko I., Krall L., Sandström B., Kaksonen K., Vitova T., Kvashnina K.O., Göttlicher J.: Uranium remobilisation in anoxic deep rock-groundwater system in response to late Quaternary climate changes – Results from Forsmark, Sweden. Chemical Geology, vol. 584, 2021, 120551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120551.
  4. Kumar A., Tripathi R.M., Rout S., Mishra M.K., Ravi P.M., Ghosh A.K.: Characterization of groundwater composition in Punjab state with special emphasis on uranium content, speciation and mobility. Radiochimica Acta, vol. 102(3), 2014, pp. 239–254. https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2014-2109.
  5. Kumar A., Usha N., Sawant P.D., Tripathi R.M., Raj S.S., Mishra M., Rout S., Supreeta P., Singh J., Kumar S., Kushwaha H. S.: Risk assessment for natural uranium in subsurface water of Punjab State, India. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment , vol. 17(2), 2011, pp. 381–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2011.552395.
  6. Babu M.N.S., Somashekar R.K., Kumar S.A., Shivanna K., Krishnamurthy V., Eappen K.P.: Concentration of uranium levels in groundwater. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 5(2), 2008, pp. 263–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326020.
  7. Jojo P.J., Rawath A., Ashvani K., Prasad R.: Trace uranium analysis of water from the south-west coastal region of India. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 178(2), 1994, pp. 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02039718.
  8. Giri S., Singh G., Jha V.N.: Evaluation of radionuclides in groundwater around proposed uranium mining sites in Bagjata and Banduhurang, Jharkhand (India). Radioprotection, vol. 46(1), 2011, pp. 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2010056.
  9. Ramadan R.S., Dawood Y.H., Yehia M.M., Gad A.: Environmental and health impact of current uranium mining activities in southwestern Sinai, Egypt. Environmental Earth Science, vol. 81(7), 2022, 213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10341-9.
  10. Chaki A., Purohit R.K., Mamallan R.: Low grade uranium deposits of India – a bane or boon. Energy Procedia, vol. 7, 2011, pp. 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.06.020.
  11. Drury J.S., Reynolds S., Owen P.T., Ross R.H., Ensminger J.T.: Uranium in US surface, ground, and domestic waters. Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, Tennessee 1981.
  12. Rowland R.E., Gustafson P.F.: Radiological Physics Division Annual Report: July 1968 through June 1969. Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne 1969. https://rminucleardocs.icaad.ngo/api/files/1610635758681uivrdq6o10m.pdf [access: 20.06.2023].
  13. Smedley P.L., Kinniburgh D.G.: Uranium in natural waters and the environment : Distribution, speciation and impact. Applied Geochemistry, vol. 148, 2023, 105534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2022.105534.
  14. Carvalho F., Joao M., Margarida M.: Radiological quality of water in areas with old uranium mines in the district of Viseu, Portugal. Journal of Nuclear Energy Science & Power Generation Technology, vol. 4(2), 2015, 1000134. https://doi.org/10.4172/2325-9809.1000134.
  15. Juanjuan S., Zhigang Y., Bochao X., Wenhua D., Dong X., Xueyan J.: Concentrations and fluxes of dissolved uranium in the Yellow River estuary: Seasonal variation and anthropogenic (Water-Sediment Regulation Scheme) impact. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, vol. 128, 2020, pp. 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.11.003.
  16. Sethy N.K., Tripathi R.M., Jha V.N., Sahoo S.K., Shukla A.K., Puranik V.D.: Assessment of natural uranium in the ground water around Jaduguda Uranium Mining Complex, India. Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. 2(7), 2011, pp. 1002–1007. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2011.27115.
  17. Pramod Kumar M., Nagalakshmi K., Jayaraju N., Lakshmi Prasad T., Lakshmanna B.: Deciphering water quality using WQI and GIS in Tummalapalle Uranium Mining area, Cuddapah Basin, India. Water Science, vol. 34(1), 2020, pp. 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1765450.
  18. Korake S.R., Jadhao P.D.: Investigation of Taguchi optimization, equilibrium isotherms, and kinetic modeling for cadmium adsorption onto deposited silt. Heliyon, vol. 7(1), 2021, e05755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05755.
  19. Kale A., Bandela N., Kulkarni J.: Spatial distribution and risk assessment of naturally occurring uranium along with correlational study from Buldhana district of Maharashtra, India. Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 327(2), 2021, pp. 771–787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07556-0.
  20. Sharma N., Singh J.: Radiological and chemical risk assessment due to high uranium contents observed in the ground waters of Mansa District (Malwa Region) of Punjab State, India: An area of high cancer incidence. Expo Healh, vol. 8(4), 2016, pp. 513–525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-016-0215-9.
  21. Sar S.K., Sahu M., Singh S., Diwan V., Jindal M., Arora A.: Assessment of uranium in ground water from Durg District of Chhattisgarh state and its correlation with other quality parameters. Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 314(3), 2017, pp. 2339–2348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5587-1.
  22. Meher P.K., Sharma P., Kumar A., Gautam Y.P., Mishra K.P.: Post monsoon spatial distribution of uranium in water of Alaknanda and Ganges river. International Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 13(1), 2015, pp. 95–99. https://doi.org/10.7508/ijrr.2015.01.014.
  23. Kashyap K.K., Ghosh M.K.: Uranium concentration and health risk assessments in groundwater samples taken different location of Korba District, Chhattisgarh, India. Ecology, Environment and Conservation, vol. 28(1), 2022, pp. 171–178. https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i01s.025.
  24. Shalumon C.S., Sanu K.S., Thomas J.R., Aravind U.K., Radhakrishnan S., Sahoo S.K., Jha S.K., Aravindakumar C.T.: Analysis of uranium and other water quality parameters in drinking water sources of 5 districts of Kerala in southern India and potability estimation using water quality indexing method. HydroResearch, vol. 4, 2021, pp. 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydres.2021.04.003.
  25. Adithya V.S., Chidambaram S., Tirumalesh K., Thivya C., Thilagavathi R., Prasanna M.V.: Assessment of sources for higher uranium concentration in ground waters of the Central Tamilnadu, India. IOP Conference Series: Material Science and Engineering, vol. 121, 2016, 012009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/121/1/012009.
  26. Muthamilselvan A.: Anomalous concentration of uranium in groundwater in parts of Salem District, Central Tamil Nadu, India. Advances in Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1(1), 2020, pp. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.47485/2766-2624.1002.
  27. Thivya C., Chidambaram S., Tirumalesh K., Prasanna M.V., Thilagavathi R., Adithya V.S., Singaraja C.: Lithological and hydrochemical controls on distribution and speciation of uranium in groundwaters of hard-rock granitic aquifers of Madurai District, Tamil Nadu (India). Environmental Geochemistry and Health, vol. 38(2), 2016, pp. 497–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-015-9735-7.
  28. Ben Byju S., Sunil A., Reeba M.J., Christa E.P., Vaidyan V.K., Prasad R., Jojo P.J.: Uranium in drinking water from the south coast districts of Kerala, India. Iranian Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 10(1), 2012, pp. 31–36.
  29. Langmuir D.: Activity Coefficients of Dissolved Species. [in:] Langmuir D., Aqueous Environmental Geochemistry, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 1997, pp. 123–192.
  30. Kurttio P., Komulainen H., Leino A., Salonen L., Auvinen A., Saha H.: Bone as a possible target of chemical toxicity of natural uranium in drinking water. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 113(1), 2005, pp. 68–72. https://doi.org/10.1289%2Fehp.7475.
  31. Ma M., Wang R., Xu L., Xu M., Liu S.: Emerging health risks and underlying toxicological mechanisms of uranium contamination : Lessons from the past two decades. Environment International, vol. 145, 2020, 106107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106107.
  32. Gulgundi M.S., Shetty A.: Groundwater quality assessment of urban Bengaluru using multivariate statistical techniques. Applied Water Science, vol. 8(1), 2018, 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-018-0684-z.
  33. Government of India, Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board: Ground Water Information Booklet: Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. South Western Region Bangalore. March 2013. https://cgwb.gov.in/old_website/District_Profile/karnataka/2012/BANGALORE_RURAL-2012.pdf [access: 20.06.2023].
  34. Lapworth D.J., Brauns B., Chattopadhyay S., Gooddy D.C., Loveless S.E., MacDonald A.M., McKenzie A.A., Muddu S., Nara S.N.V.: Elevated uranium in drinking water sources in basement aquifers of southern India. Applied Geochemistry, vol. 133, 2021, 105092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105092 [access: 20.06.2023].
  35. Sekhar M., Tomer S. K., Thiyaku S., Giriraj P., Murthy S., Mehta V.K.: Groundwater level dynamics in Bengaluru City, India. Sustainability, vol. 10(1), 2018, 26. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010026.
  36. Prakash M.M., Kaliprasad C.S., Narayana Y.: Studies on natural radioactivity in rocks of Coorg district, Karnataka state, India. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, vol. 10(2), 2017, pp. 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2017.02.003.
  37. Bhangare R.C., Tiwari M., Ajmal P.Y., Sahu S.K., Pandit G.G.: Laser flourimetric analysis of uranium in water from Vishakhapatnam and estimation of health risk. Radiation Protection and Environment, vol. 36(3), 2013, pp. 128–132.
  38. Al-Eshaikh M.A., Kadachi A.N., Mansoor Sarfraz M.: Determination of uranium content in phosphate ores using different measurement techniques. Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Science, vol. 28(1), 2016, pp. 41–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2013.09.007.
  39. Singh S., Rani A., Mahajan R.K, Walia T.P.S.: Analysis of uranium and its correlation with some physico-chemical properties of drinking water samples from Amritsar, Punjab. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, vol. 5(6), 2003, pp. 917–921. https://doi.org/10.1039/b309493f.
  40. Amakom C.M., Jibiri N.N.: Chemical and radiological risk assessment of uranium in borehole and well waters in the Odeda Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. International Journal of the Physical Sciences, vol. 5(7), 2010, pp. 1009–1014. https://www.webofscience.com/wos/WOSCC/full-record/000281731100014 [access: 20.06.2023].
  41. Nagaiah N., Mathews G., Balakrishna K.K.M., Rajanna A.M., Naregundi Kǯ: Influence of physico-chemical parameters on the distribution of uranium in the ground water of Bangalore, India. Radiation Protection and Environment, vol. 36(4), 2013, pp. 175–180.
  42. Tripathi R.M., Sahoo S.K., Mohapatra S., Lenka P., Dubey J.S., Puranik V.D.: Study of uranium isotopic composition in groundwater and deviation from secular equilibrium condition. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 295(2), 2012, pp. 1195–1200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-1992-7.
  43. Meenakshi, Maheshwari R.C.: Fluoride in drinking water and its removal. Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 137(1), 2006, pp. 456–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.024.
  44. Drinking Water – Specification (Second Revision). Indian Standard IS 10500:2012, Bureau of Indian Standards, 2012.
  45. Herschy R.W.: Water Quality for Drinking: WHO Guidelines. [in:] Bengtsson L., Herschy R.W., Fairbridge R.W. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, Springer, Dordrecht 2012, pp. 876–883. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_184.
  46. Selvi B.S., Vijayakumar B., Rana B.K., Ravi P.M.: Distribution of natural uranium in groundwater around Kudankulam. Radiation Protection and Environment, vol. 39(1), 2016, pp. 25–29.
  47. Wang Y., Yu R., Zhu G.: Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics in drinking water sources emphasized on fluoride: A case study of Yancheng, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 16(6), 2019, 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061030.
  48. Srinivasamoorthy K., Gopinath M., Chidambaram S., Vasanthavigar M., Sarma V.S.: Hydrochemical characterization and quality appraisal of groundwater from Pungar sub basin, Tamilnadu, India. Journal of King Saud University – Science, vol. 26(1), 2014, pp. 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2013.08.001.
  49. Barbera J., Naibert N., Komperda R., Pentecost T.C.: Clarity on Cronbach’ s Alpha Use. Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 98(2), 2021, pp. 257–258. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00183
  50. Taber K.S.: The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, vol. 48(6), 2018, pp. 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
  51. Virk H.S., Jakhu R., Bangotra P.: Natural uranium content in ground waters of Mohaliand Fatehgarh Districts of North Punjab (India) for the assessment of excess cancer risk. Global Journal of Human-Social Science B: Geography, Geo-Sciences, Environmental Science & DisasterManagement, vol. 16(4), 2016, pp. 1–6.
  52. Kale A., Bandela N., Kulkarni J.: Assessment of chemo-radiological risk of naturally occurred uranium in groundwater from the Beed district, India. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol. 323(1), 2020, pp. 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-019-06849-3.
  53. Sahoo S.K., Jha V.N., Patra A.C., Jha S.K., Kulkarni S.K.: Scientific background and methodology adopted on derivation of regulatory limit for uranium in drinking water – A global perspective. Environmental Advances, vol. 2, 2020, 100020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envadv.2020.100020.
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 178 Download : 125

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.