Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, vol. 17, no. 4

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 4 (2023): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Date Log

Submitted
Jan 17, 2023
Accepted
May 18, 2023
Published
Jul 21, 2023
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The Use of Geodata in the Process of the Ventilation of the City of Krakow

https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2023.17.4.53
Szczepan Budkowski
University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-1173

Corresponding Author(s) : Szczepan Budkowski

Szczepan.Budkowski@urk.edu.pl

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 17 No. 4 (2023): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Abstract

The purpose of this publication is to analyze air pollution on the example of the city of Krakow, as well as to consider the possibility of using geodata for environmental protection. In addition to case study analysis as the leading research method, the article also uses the observation, analysis, and statistical methods. The article presents the concept of using GIS spatial analyzes and spatial planning as an element of the Green New Deal in the process of ventilating the city of Krakow.
When developing a project related to city ventilation, it is extremely important to have the most accurate data on the strength, direction of the wind, type of pollution, and the number of emitters. Spatial analyzes are also able to indicate the main ventilation corridors of the city. These include, above all, areas located on the Vistula River, but also the widest city streets. Such results make it possible to more consciously manage space.

Keywords

Green New Deal geodata spatial management city ventilation environmental protection
Budkowski, S. (2023). The Use of Geodata in the Process of the Ventilation of the City of Krakow. Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, 17(4), 53–76. https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2023.17.4.53
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. Chmielewski J.: Teoria urbanistyki: wybrane zagadnienia. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej, Warszawa 1996.
  2. Johnstone I.: Global governance and the Global Green New Deal: the G7’s role. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, vol. 9, 2022, 33. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01046-2.
  3. Cieszewska A.: Green belts: zielone pierścienie wielkich miast. Wydawnictwo Akademickie SEDNO, Warszawa 2019.
  4. Czyżniewska L., Pawski A.: The Environment and The City. Miasto i środowisko. Miasto, nr. spec., sierpień 1990, pp. 92–93.
  5. Budkowski S.: Multidimensional cadastre as an element of participation in modern space management. Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape, no. 4, 2020, pp. 17–26. https://doi.org/10.15576/GLL/2020.4.17.
  6. Galwin R., Healy N.: The Green New Deal in the United States: What it is and how to pay for it. Energy Research & Social Science, vol. 67, 2020, 101529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101529.
  7. Ronchi S., Arcidiacono A., Pogliani L.: Integrating green infrastructure into spatial planning regulations to improve the performance of urban ecosystems. Insights from an Italian case study. Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 53, 2020, 101907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101907.
  8. Budkowski S., Gniadek J., Litwin U.: Kataster wielowymiarowy – nowoczesny sposób opisu przestrzeni. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego w Krakowie, Kraków 2022.
  9. Watts N., Amann M., Arnell N., Ayeb-Karlsson S., Belesova K., Berry H., Bouley T. et al.: The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: shaping the health of nations for centuries to come. Lancet, vol. 392(10163), 2018, pp. 2479–2514. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32594-7.
  10. van Druenen T., van Hooff T., Montazeri H., Blocken B.: CFD evaluation of building geometry modifications to reduce pedestrian-level wind speed. Building and Environment, vol. 163, 2019, 106293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106293.
  11. Kwiecień J., Szopińska K.: Mapping carbon monoxide pollution of residential areas in a Polish city. Remote Sensing, vol. 12(18), 2020, 2885. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12182885.
  12. Szopińska K., Cienciała A., Bieda A., Kwiecień J., Kulesza Ł., Parzych P.: Verification of the local community’s perception of air quality conducted using AMDS-Roads modeling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 19(17), 2022, 10908. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710908.
  13. European Environment Agency: Air Quality in Europe – 2020 Report. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg 2020.
  14. Air Quality in Europe – 2017 Report. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg 2017.
  15. Blocken B.: Computational Fluid Dynamics for urban physics: Importance, scales, possibilities, limitations and ten tips and tricks towards accurate and reliable simulations. Building and Environment, vol. 91, 2015, pp. 219–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.015.
  16. Blocken B., Stathopoulos T.: CFD simulation of pedestrian­level wind conditions around buildings: Past achievements and prospects. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 121, 2013, pp. 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.08.008.
  17. Blocken B., Carmeliet J.: Pedestrian wind environment around buildings: Literature review and practical examples. Journal of Building Physics, vol. 28(2), 2004, pp. 107–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097196304044396.
  18. Blocken B., Janssen W.D., van Hooff T.: CFD simulation for pedestrian wind comfort and wind safety in urban areas: General decision framework and case study for the Eindhoven University campus. Environmental Modeling & Software, vol. 30, 2012, pp. 15–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.11.009.
  19. Blocken B., Stathopoulos T., van Beeck J.P.A.J.: Pedestrian­level wind conditions around buildings: Review of wind­tunnel and CFD techniques and their accuracy for wind comfort assessment. Building and Environment, vol. 100, 2016, pp. 50–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.02.004.
  20. D’Ippoliti D., Michelozzi P., Marino C., de’Donato F., Menne B., Katsouyanni K., Kirchmayer U. et al.: The impact of heat waves on mortality in 9 European cities: Results from the EuroHEAT project. Environmental Health, vol. 9, 2010, 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-9-37.
  21. Gasparrini A., Guo Y., Hashizume M., Lavigne E., Zanobetti A., Schwartz J., Tobias A. et al.: Mortalities risk attributable to high and low ambient tempera­ ture: A multicountry observational studies. Lancet, vol. 386, 2015, pp. 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62114-0.
  22. Hang J., Li Y., Buccolieri R., Sandberg M., Di Sabatino S.: On the contribution of mean flow and turbulence to city breathability: The case of long streets with tall buildings. Science of The Total Environment, vol. 416, 2012, pp. 362–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.016.
  23. Oke T.R., Maxwell G.B.: Urban heat island dynamics in Montreal and Vancouver. Atmospheric Environment, vol. 9, 1967, pp. 191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(75)90067-0.
  24. Murakami S., Uehara K., Komine H.: Amplification of wind speed at ground level due to construction of high­rise building in urban area. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 4, 1979, pp. 343–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(79)90012-6.
  25. Litwin U., Szafrańska B.: Zastosowanie GIS w planowaniu prac urządzeniowo-rolnych na obszarze województwa małopolskiego. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rolniczego w Krakowie, Kraków 2017.
  26. Tołwiński T.: Budowa miasta współczesnego. Wyd. 3. Urbanistyka, t. 2, Trzaska, Evert i Michalski. E. Kuthan, Warszawa 1948.
  27. Toparlar Y., Blocken B., Maiheu B., van Heijst G.J.F.: A Review on the CFD analysis of urban microclimate. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 80, 2017, pp. 1613–1640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.248.
  28. Ratcliff M.A., Peterka J.A.: Comparison of pedestrian wind acceptability criteria. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 36(2), 1990, pp. 791–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(90)90076-O.
  29. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Sustainable Development: Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations, New York 2015.
  30. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision. United Nations, New York 2015.
  31. Ward K., Lauf S., Kleinschmit B., Endlicher W.: Heat waves and urban heat islands in Europe: A review of relevant drivers. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 569–570, 2016, pp. 527–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.119.
  32. Yim S.H.L., Fung J.C.H., Ng E.Y.Y.: An assessment indicator for air ventilation and pollutant dispersion potential in an urban canopy with complex natural terrain and significant wind variations. Atmospheric Environment, vol. 94, 2014, pp. 297–306, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.044.
  33. Zielonko-Jung K., Poćwierz M.: An analysis of wind conditions at pedestrian level in the selected types of multi­family housing developments. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, vol. 21, 2021, pp. 83–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-020-09763-5.
  34. Cardenas Rodriguez M., DupontCouradede L., Oueslati W.: Air pollution and urban structure linkages: Evidence from European cities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 53, 2016, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.190.
  35. Du Y., Mak C.M., Kwok K., Tse K.T., Lee T.C., Ai Z, Liu J., Niu J.: New criteria for assessing low wind environment at pedestrian level in Hong Kong. Building and Environment., vol. 123, 2017, pp. 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.06.036.
  36. European Commission, Directorate-General for Environment: Making our cities attractive – How the EU contributes to improving the urban environment. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg 2010. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2779/42720.
  37. European Academies Science Advisory Council: The imperative of climate action to protect human health in Europe: Opportunities for adaptation to reduce the impacts, and for mitigation to capitalize on the benefits of decarbonisation. EASAC policy report 38, EASAC, Halle 2019.
  38. Frew T., Baker D., Donehue P.: Performance based planning in Queensland: A case of unintended plan­making outcomes. Land Use Policy, vol. 50, 2016, 239–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.10.007.
  39. Mitchell D., Kornhuber K., Huntingford C., Uhe P.: The day the 2003 European heatwaves record was broken. Lancet Planet Planetary Health, vol. 3(7), 2019, pp. 290–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30106-8.
  40. Mochida A., Lun I.Y.F.: Prediction of wind environment and thermal comfort at pedestrian level in urban area. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 96, 2008, pp. 1498–1527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.02.033.
  41. Ng E.: Policies and technical guidelines for urban planning of high­density cities – air ventilation assessment (AVA) of Hong Kong. Building and Environment, vol. 44(7), 2009, pp. 1478–1488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.06.013.
  42. Netherlands Normalisation Institute: Wind Comfort and Wind Danger in the Built Environment. NEN, Delft 2006.
  43. Ratti C., Di Sabatino S., Britter R.: Urban texture analysis with image processing techniques: winds and dispersion. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. 84, 2006, pp. 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-005-0146-z.
  44. Giorgi F.: Climate Change Hot Spots. Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 33, 2006, pp. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL025734.
  45. Giorgi F., Lionello P.: Climate change projections for the Mediterranean region. Global and Planetary Change, vol. 63(2–3), 2008, pp. 90–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.09.005.
  46. Givoni B.: Urban Design in Different Climates. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva 1989.
  47. Jenks M., Jones C.: Issues and Concepts. [in:] Jenks M., Jones C. (eds.), Dimen­ sions of the Sustainable City: Future City. Vol. 2, Springer, Dordrecht 2010, pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8647-2_1.
  48. Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpmacdrczR0 [access: 16.12.2022].
  49. TOK FM: https://audycje.tokfm.pl/podcast/45656,Teoretyczne-o-problemie-praktyczne-smog-nad-Polska [access: 16.12.2022].
  50. Jędrak J., Konduracka E., Badyda A., Dąbrowiecki P.: Wpływ zanieczyszczeń powietrza na zdrowie. Wyd. 2. Krakowski Alarm Smogowy, Kraków 2021. https://polskialarmsmogowy.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Wplyw-zanieczyszczen-powietrza-na-zdrowie.-Wydanie-drugie.pdf [access: 16.12.2022].
  51. Neumann L., Markow M.: Performance­based planning and asset management. Public Works Management & Policy, vol. 8(3), 2004, pp. 156–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087724X03259474.
  52. Pelorosso R.: Modeling and urban planning: A systematic review of performance­based approaches. Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 52, 2020, 101867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101867.
  53. Porter D., Phillips P., Lassar T.J.: Flexible Zoning: How It Works. Urban Land Institute, Washington 1998.
  54. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. United Nations, New York 2019.
  55. Uniwersytet Jagielloński bez Granic: Przyczyny antropogenicznego zanieczyszczenia powietrza. https://open.uj.edu.pl/mod/page/view.php?id=1007 [access: 16.12.2022].
  56. Kendig L.: Performance Zoning. Planners Press (American Planning Association), Chicago 1980.
  57. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights. United Nations, New York 2019.
  58. Ramponi R., Blocken B., de Coo L.B., Janssen W.D.: CFD simulation of outdoor ventilation of generic urban configurations with different urban densities and equal and unequal street widths. Building and Environment, vol. 92, 2015, pp. 152–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.04.018.
  59. Sanz-Andres A., Cuerva A.: Pedestrian wind comfort: Feasibility study of criteria homogenisation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 94(11), 2006, pp. 799–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.06.004.
  60. Seaton A., Godden D., MacNee W., Donaldson K.: Particulate air pollution and acute health effects. Lancet, vol. 345(8943), 1995, pp. 176–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90173-6.
  61. Stathopoulos T.: Pedestrian level winds and outdoor human comfort. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 94(11), 2006, pp. 769–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.06.011.
  62. Watts N., Amann M., Arnell N., Ayeb-Karlsson S., Beagley J., Belesova K., Boykoff M. et al.: The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and cli­ mate change: Responding to converging crises. Lancet, vol. 397(10269), 2021, pp. 129–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32290-X.
  63. World Health Organization: WHO Expert Consultation: Available evidence for the future update of the WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs): Meeting report, Bonn, Germany, 29 September–1 October 2015. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen 2016.
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 175 Download : 127

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.